The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated Coronavirusdisease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demanded rapid upscaling of in-vitro diagnostic assays toenable mass screening and testing of high-risk groups, and simultaneous ascertainment of robustdata on past SARS-CoV-2 exposure at an individual and population level. To meet the exponentialdemand in testing, there has been an accelerated development of both molecular and serologicalassays across a plethora of platforms. In the present review, we discuss the current literature onthese modalities including the nucleic acid amplification tests, direct viral antigen tests and therapidly expanding laboratory based and point of care serological tests. This suite of complementarytests will inform crucial decisions by healthcare providers and policy makers and understandingtheir strengths and limitations will be critical to their judicious application for the development ofalgorithmic approaches to treatment and public health strategies